People who have one or more chronic diseases or a weakened immune system are at increased risk of complications (hospitalization, admission to intensive care and death) from infection with COVID‑19.

Here is a list of chronic diseases and health conditions that may increase the risk of developing serious complications from COVID‑19:

  • chronic diseases:
    • heart or lung disease,
    • diabetes,
    • liver (including cirrhosis) or kidney disease,
    • hypertension,
  • obesity;
  • medical condition with decreased clearance of respiratory secretions or a risk of aspiration;
  • person receiving chemotherapy or radiation therapy;
  • transplant recipient (including a bone marrow transplant);
  • person who is taking corticosteroids;
  • person who is taking immunosuppressants;
  • person who is immunocompromised;
  • person living with HIV;
  • person who has anemia.

People with several of these factors as well as older age have a higher risk of developing a severe form of the disease. Furthermore, people who require regular medical follow-up or hospital care for their condition are considered the most vulnerable.

Recommendations for people who have chronic disease or a weakened immune system

People who have a chronic disease or a weakened immune system and their loved ones must

  • follow the basic health directives at all times;
  • minimize contact with people;
  • avoid public places;
  • otherwise, wear a mask or a face covering.

Irrespective of age, additional protective measures may be required for workers who have chronic disease or a weakened immune system. For example, encouraging people to work from home or, if telework is impossible, rigorously applying specific preventive measures in some workplaces.