Hepatitis A and hepatitis B are liver infections caused by 2 different viruses: the hepatitis A virus and the hepatitis B virus. The vaccine is very effective in preventing both infections.
The Québec Immunization Program provides for the administration of a combination vaccine against hepatitis A and B at the age of 18 months. This vaccine is also recommended for people who have a higher risk of contracting hepatitis A and B.
Travelers who go to regions where the risk of contracting hepatitis A and B is high can also receive this vaccination, but it is not free.
Duration of protection
In healthy people who have received all the recommended doses, protection will last at least 25 to 35 years and there is no indication that a booster dose is necessary later in life.
Symptoms after vaccination
Some symptoms may be caused by the vaccine, e.g., redness at the injection site. Other problems may occur by chance and are not related to the vaccine, e.g., a cold, a gastroenteritis or a headache.
The hepatitis A and hepatitis B vaccine is safe. In most cases, it does not cause any reaction.
Nature and frequency of possible reactions to the vaccine
Frequency
Possible reactions to the vaccine
Very often (less than 50% of people)
Pain, redness, swelling at the infection site
Often (less than 10% of people)
Fever
Headache, digestive problems, dizziness, fatigue
The hepatitis A and hepatitis B vaccine has been used for over 20 years and millions of doses have been administered worldwide. No serious or unexpected problems are associated with this vaccine.
As for all immunization programs, the Ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux monitors the side effects of the hepatitis A and hepatitis B vaccine under the Programme de surveillance passive des effets secondaires possiblement reliés à l’immunisation (ESPRI) (Passive surveillance program used to monitor possible vaccine-related side effects).
What to do after vaccination
Tips to follow immediately after vaccination
Wait 15 minutes before leaving the place where you were given the vaccine. If an allergic reaction occurs, the symptoms will appear a few minutes after vaccination.
If you experience side effects, tell the person who gave you the vaccine immediately. They will be able to treat you right away.
Tips to follow at home
If you experience redness, pain or swelling at the injection site, apply a cold, damp compress to the site.
Use medication for fever or discomfort if needed.
When to consult
See a doctor if any of the following applies to you:
