When air quality is poor or when a smog warning (yellowish fog comprising gas and particles) is in effect, it means that there is a high amount of pollutants in the air.
The main outdoor air pollutants are:
Fine particles (PM2.5), which are tiny particles that can penetrate deeply into the respiratory system
Ozone (O3)
Sulphur dioxide (SO2)
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
Carbon monoxide (CO)
Among other sources, these pollutants come from:
Motor vehicles
Factories
Heating systems (oil, propane, wood, etc.)
Forest fires
Air pollutants can affect the entire population’s health. Some people, however, are more sensitive than others to pollutants and more likely to experience adverse effects.
Symptoms
People who breathe polluted air can develop a variety of symptoms. These vary according to each person’s sensitivity to air pollution. The main short-term symptoms are:
Eye irritation
Wheezing or difficulty breathing
Irritation and inflammation of the respiratory tract (coughing)
Shortness of breath, especially during physical activity
Aggravation of existing asthma, heart and lung conditions
The severity of these symptoms depends on a person’s health and the level of pollution to which he or she is exposed. The improper use of certain medications can make symptoms of pollution worse.
It is important to note that symptoms can be the result of factors other than air pollution. These other factors include:
You should consult a doctor as soon as possible if you have any of the following symptoms:
Chest tightness
Pain when breathing deeply
Difficulty breathing despite not having engaged in physical activity
If you have questions regarding your health, call Info-Santé 811.
Complications
People who breathe polluted air regularly over several years can develop certain health problems:
Chronic lung diseases, such as chronic bronchitis
Cardiovascular diseases, meaning the heart and blood vessels disorders
Lung cancer
Breathing polluted air can also worsen symptoms for people already suffering from chronic illnesses, especially respiratory or cardiac diseases. In rare cases, this can lead to hospitalization or premature death.
Risk factors
The risks of experiencing discomfort due to air pollution increase:
Information on the website in no way replaces the opinion of a health professional. If you have questions concerning your health status, consult a professional.