On September 1, 2020, changes were made to the Québec Immunization Program. These changes are based on a recommendation made by the Comité sur l’immunisation du Québec and concern vaccines administered at school. To find out more, go to the Changes made to the school-based vaccination program section.
Description
Vaccination is the best protection against hepatitis A and its complications. Hepatitis A is a liver infection caused by the hepatitis A virus. The vaccine is 95% to 100% effective in preventing the infection. It is indicated for anyone who wants to reduce their risk of getting hepatitis A.
Since June 1, 2019, Québec’s immunization schedule has provided for one dose of the hepatitis A and hepatitis B vaccine at 18 months of age. The hepatitis A and B vaccine has also been offered in Grade 4 of primary school since 2013. The school-based immunization program will continue until children born before June 1, 2019 have reached the age of Grade 4 of primary school.
Number of doses required
Depending on the person’s age, 1 or 2 doses of the vaccine are required over a 5-month period to ensure the best possible protection.
For people under age 20, 1 dose of the hepatitis A vaccine is enough to ensure effective protection. People aged 20 or older will need 2 doses of the vaccine.
Duration of protection
The vaccine provides protection for many years if it is given before the person gets the disease.
Symptoms after vaccination
Symptoms after vaccination
Some symptoms may be caused by the vaccine, for example, redness at the injection site. Other problems may occur by chance and are not related to the vaccine, for example, a cold, gastroenteritis or a headache.
Hepatitis A vaccine is safe. Most reactions are harmless and do not last long.
| Frequency | Possible reactions to the vaccine |
|---|---|
In most cases |
|
Very often |
|
Often |
|
Note: Reactions at the injection site are less common among children.
The hepatitis A vaccine has been used for more than 20 years and millions of doses have been administered worldwide. According to current scientific evidence, no serious or unexpected problems are associated with the vaccine. No link has been found between the vaccine and certain severe diseases or deaths.
As for all immunization programs, the Ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux monitors the side effects of hepatitis A vaccination under the Programme de surveillance passive des effets secondaires possiblement reliés à l’immunisation (ESPRI) [Passive surveillance program for possible vaccine-related side effects].
What to do after vaccination
Tips to follow immediately following vaccination
Wait 15 minutes before leaving premises where vaccine is received. If an allergic reaction occurs, the symptoms will appear a few minutes after the vaccination.
If you feel side effects, immediately inform the person giving the vaccine. That person will be able to treat you immediately.
Tips to follow at home
If you experience redness, pain or swelling at the injection site, apply a cold, damp compress on it.
Use medication for fever or discomfort if needed.
When to seek medical help
See a doctor if one of the following applies to you:
- You experience serious and unusual symptoms
- Your symptoms get worse instead of improving
- Your symptoms last over 48 hours
Last update: September 1, 2020
